Renting in Ontario
Renting a home or apartment in Ontario comes with a detailed framework of legal rights and responsibilities that protect both landlords and tenants. Whether you are signing your very first lease or have rented for years, it’s essential to understand the laws that apply to your living situation.
Most residential rental relationships in Ontario are governed by the Residential Tenancies Act, 2006 (RTA), which outlines the duties of landlords and tenants, and the procedures for resolving disputes.
The Legal Framework
The Residential Tenancies Act sets out the foundation for almost all rental arrangements in Ontario. When conflicts arise, whether about repairs, rent increases, or evictions, they are handled by the Landlord and Tenant Board (LTB), a tribunal created to resolve these disputes efficiently and fairly.
Leases and Deposits
Tenancies in Ontario can be either fixed-term (for example, a one-year lease) or periodic (month-to-month). When a fixed-term lease ends, it usually continues automatically on a monthly basis unless a new agreement is signed.
Landlords are permitted to request a deposit equal to one month’s rent, often referred to as a “last month’s rent deposit,” but they cannot ask for more than that amount.
A landlord is also able to request a key deposit, which must be refunded at the end of the tenancy once the keys are returned.
If utilities or additional services like parking are included, the terms must be clearly stated in the lease, and any change in fees must comply with the RTA.
Rent and Rent Increases
In most cases, landlords may only increase rent once every 12 months, and they must give at least 90 days’ written notice using the proper LTB form.
For rent-controlled units, Ontario also limits the amount by which rent can be raised through an annual rent increase guideline, which is tied to inflation. For example, the guideline for 2026 is 2.1%.
Some newer units, specifically those first occupied after November 15, 2018, are exempt from this cap, meaning the landlord may raise rent beyond the guideline, provided proper notice is given.
If a landlord wants to increase rent above the guideline for reasons such as major renovations or extraordinary tax increases, they must apply to the Landlord and Tenant Board, and tenants have the right to challenge that request. Importantly, tenants are not required to pay the higher rent until the Board issues an order approving it.
Maintenance and Repairs
Landlords have a legal obligation to keep the rental unit and building in good repair and to comply with health, safety, and property-standards bylaws. They must ensure that “vital services” such as heat, water, and electricity are always provided.
Withholding these services or allowing them to be cut off is unlawful. Tenants, in turn, must report needed repairs promptly and take care of the unit, avoiding damage beyond normal wear and tear.
If a landlord fails to make necessary repairs, tenants can file a maintenance application (Form T6) with the LTB. The Board can order the landlord to complete the repairs, provide compensation, or even reduce the rent until the problem is resolved.
Privacy and the Right to Quiet Enjoyment
Tenants are entitled to live in their homes free from harassment, interference, or unreasonable disturbance.
Landlords must respect the tenant’s right to quiet enjoyment and privacy. They may only enter the rental unit for specific reasons, such as repairs or inspections, and must give at least 24 hours’ written notice before doing so.
Entry without notice is permitted only in emergencies.
Ending a Tenancy or Facing Eviction
Tenants who wish to end their tenancy must provide written notice using the appropriate LTB form, usually 60 days in advance for monthly or yearly leases. Fixed-term leases generally cannot be ended early unless both parties agree or specific legal grounds exist.
Landlords cannot evict a tenant without an LTB order. Even after such an order is issued, only the sheriff has the authority to physically remove a tenant.
Grounds for eviction include non-payment of rent, persistent late payment, significant interference with others, or the landlord’s intention to move in or demolish the unit. In all cases, the landlord must follow the proper legal process, including serving the correct notice and filing an application with the Board.
Resolving Disputes and Seeking Remedies
Tenants who believe their rights have been violated may file an application with the LTB. Common applications include Form T2 (Application about Tenant Rights) and Form T6 (Tenant Application about Maintenance).
The Board can order rent abatements, repairs, or compensation for losses. Landlords who act in bad faith, such as evicting tenants for personal use but then re-renting the unit within a year, can face significant penalties.
Best Practices for Tenants
Even when everything seems fine, good record-keeping is essential. Tenants should document communications, keep copies of all notices and receipts, and take dated photos of the unit when moving in or out.
Paying rent on time and using official LTB forms helps avoid misunderstandings. And when disputes arise, it’s best to seek advice early from a legal professional or tenant-duty counsel.
Final Thoughts
Ontario’s rental laws are designed to balance the rights and responsibilities of both landlords and tenants.
Understanding the basics such as rent increases, repairs, privacy, and eviction rules can help tenants protect themselves and resolve conflicts more confidently.
The key is to stay informed, keep written records, and never ignore official notices or deadlines.
Disclaimer: The information in this article is provided for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Laws and regulations may vary depending on your specific circumstances. If you require legal advice or representation, please contact us to schedule a consultation.